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Data Quality Reference Site (DQRS)


 


AS PROVIDED BY GUATEMALA AS A PARTICIPANT IN THE GDDS


Flag of GuatemalaGuatemala
Summary Table II. Data Coverage, Periodicity and Timeliness
For the selected country, the following table summarizes current practice relating to data coverage, periodicity, and timeliness for comprehensive frameworks, core indicators, and encouraged extensions (the latter are shown in italics).

Real Sector
 
Fiscal Sector
 
Financial Sector
 
External Sector
 
Socio - demographic
 
        
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Real Sector Top
Coverage

Periodicity

Timeliness

GDDS

Current Practice

GDDS

Current Practice

GDDS

Current Practice

Comprehensive Framework
National Accounts
Producing and disseminating the full range of national accounts aggregates and balancing items in nominal and real terms, yielding Gross Domestic Product, Gross National Income, Gross Disposable Income, Consumption, Saving, Capital Formation, and Net Lending/Net Borrowing. Producing and disseminating sectoral accounts and national and sectoral balance sheets as relevant. 

Accounts are compiled according to the 1953 System of National Accounts (SNA 53). Work is ongoing to adopt the SNA 93.  Annual GDP estimates by economic sector at constant prices only (1958 prices) and type of expenditure at current and constant prices are produced.

 
Annual Annual 10-14 months Preliminary: 11 months; Revised and final: 18-24 months. 
Data Categories and Indicators
National Accounts Aggregates
GDP (nominal and real) 

GDP at current and constant prices (1958 base year), and presented in the format of SNA1953 with ISIC-1 classification.

 

 
Annual (quarterly encouraged) Annual 6-9 months Up to 18 months, and final 24 months. 
Production Index
Manufacturing or industrial indices The Monthly Index of Economic Activity (IMAE) is a summary indicator of the behavior of economic activity at constant prices in the short term. It is a Laspeyres type index that uses 2001 as the base year. It covers 34 indicators of products that represent 8 economic activities at the aggregate level. The classification follows the ISIC, Rev. 1. at the most highly aggregated level.  Monthly Monthly 6 weeks one month and a week 
Price Indices
Consumer price index The index is compiled on the basis of 422 items of goods and services commonly consumed by households and were selected from the household income and expenditure survey of 1998-99. The base period of the index is December 2000.  Monthly Monthly 1 or 2 months 1 week 
Producer price index INE prepares and disseminates the WPI which covers price changes in a basket of 211 products comprising domestic (agricultural and manufactures) and imported manufactured products. The index is based on the Laspeyres formula with July-December 1985 as the base period.  Monthly Monthly 1 or 2 months Quarterly 
Labour Market Indicators
Employment Data based on a household survey on employment and income (ENEI was temporarily interrupted in the second quarter of 2003). Employed are economically active persons 10 years old and over who have a job which provides remuneration, or persons who work without payment for family establishments.  Annual Annual 6-9 months 4 months 
Unemployment Data based on a household survey on employment and income (ENEI was temporarily interrupted in the second quarter of 2003). Unemployed persons are defined as those of 10 years of age or older who were without work during the reference week, who where currently available for work, and who had taken steps during the previous week to seek employment or self-employment.  Annual Annual 6-9 months 4 months 
Wages/earnings (all sectors) Not available.  Annual Not applicable 6-9 months Not applicable 

Fiscal Sector Top
Coverage

Periodicity

Timeliness

GDDS

Current Practice

GDDS

Current Practice

GDDS

Current Practice

Comprehensive Framework
Central Government Operations
Producing and disseminating comprehensive data on central government transactions emphasizing: (1) coverage of all central government units; (2) use of appropriate analytical framework; and (3) development of a full range of detailed classifications (tax and nontax revenue, current and capital expenditure, domestic and foreign financing) as relevant. Data are compiled according to the methodology of the 1986 GFS Manual. Data cover central government operations excluding the IGSS and autonomous noncommercial entities financed with their own resources, but include total budgetary transfers to such entities. Some adjustments are made for grants received in cash for which their value is imputed as a resource and expenditure. Annual Monthly and annual 6-9 months 

Monthly data: less than 1 month

Annual data: 3 months

 
Central Government Debt
Producing and disseminating comprehensive data on central government domestic and foreign debt, with breakdowns (debt holder, instrument, currency, etc.) as relevant. 

Domestic and foreign debt are classified by type of debt instrument (short- and long-term) and by type of debt holder. Domestic debt include: (i) government debt with the IGSS that is not consolidated as intrasectoral debt; (ii) debt issues to capitalize institutions or NFPEs. Foreign debt does not include foreign debt of  NFPEs or central government guaranteed debt. Domestic debt data are produced for internal use only. 

 

 
Annual Monthly 6-9 months 

15 days

 
Data Categories and Indicators
Central Government Aggregates
Revenue, expenditure, balance, and financing with breakdowns (debt holder, instrument, currency), as relevant 

Data cover the budgetary central government operations only (i.e., extrabudgetary accounts and social security funds are excluded) and follow largely the analytical framework, concepts and classifications of the 1986 GFS Manual.

 

 
Quarterly Monthly and annual 1 quarter Monthly: 1 month; Annual: 3 months 
Central Government Debt
Domestic debt and foreign debt, as relevant, with appropriate breakdowns (currency, maturity, debt holder, instrument), as relevant Same as Comprehensive Framework for Central Government Debt.  Annual (Quarterly encouraged) Monthly 1-2 quarters 15 days 

Financial Sector Top
Coverage

Periodicity

Timeliness

GDDS

Current Practice

GDDS

Current Practice

GDDS

Current Practice

Comprehensive Framework
Depository Corporations Survey
Producing and disseminating comprehensive data emphasizing: (1) coverage of all depository corporations (banking institutions), (2) use of an appropriate analytical framework; and (3) development of classifications of external assets and liabilities, domestic credit by sector, and components of money (liquidity) and nonmonetary liabilities. 

Data are a consolidation of the balance sheets of the central bank with those of key depository corporations. The presentation differs from MFSM 2000 methodology  primarily with regard to coverage, partial sectorization of institutional units, and recording of instruments on an accrual basis. Depository corporations such as savings and credit cooperatives and offshore banks are not included. 

 
Monthly W, M, Q, A 2-3 months Weekly: 8 days; Monthly: 1 1/2 months; Quarterly: 3-5 months; Annual: 5 months. 
Data Categories and Indicators
Broad Money and Credit Aggregates
Net external position, domestic credit, broad or narrow money Coverage is broadly as recommended; however, depository corporations such as savings and credit cooperatives and offshore banks are not included.  Monthly W, M, Q, A 1-3 months Weekly: 8 days; Monthly: 1 1/2 months; Quarterly: 3-5 months; Annual: 5 months. 
Central Bank Aggregates
Monetary base The Bank of Guatemala (BG) compiles the Central Bank Survey based on the detailed accounts of its analytical balance sheet. Assets and liabilities cover gross figures with a sectorization of institutions and classification of financial instruments that differs from MFSM 2000. Monthly 

W,M, Q, A.

 

 
1-2 months Weekly: 8 days; Monthly : 10 days; Quarterly: 3-5 months and Annual: 5 months. 
Interest Rates
Short and long-term government security rates, policy variable rate BG instrument rate, which corresponds to short-term monetary stabilization securities (certificates of deposit) placed by auction and direct trading. Also, average nominal rates on total credit balances (loans and discounted paper) and deposits (monetary, savings, time, and bonds), as well as the average rate on loans granted during the previous week.  Monthly Variable: BG instrument rate; Weekly and monthly: Other rates  Dissemination as part of a high-frequency (e.g. monthly) publication Instrument rate: 1 business day following the auction; Weekly data: 8 days; Monthly data: 1 1/2 months 

External Sector Top
Coverage

Periodicity

Timeliness

GDDS

Current Practice

GDDS

Current Practice

GDDS

Current Practice

Comprehensive Framework
Balance of Payments
Producing and disseminating comprehensive data on the main aggregates and balancing items of the balance of payments, including e.g. imports and exports of goods and services, trade balance, income and transfers, current account balance, reserves and other financial transactions, and overall balance, with detailed components as relevant. 

Data are compiled according to the BPM4 methodology. The residency criteria follows a one-year rule, while sources are limited in coverage and sectorization.

 
Annual Annual 6-9 months 5 months 
Data Categories and Indicators
Balance of Payments Aggregates
Imports and exports of goods and services, current account balance, reserves, overall balance 

Data are compiled according to the BPM4 methodology. The residency criteria follows a one-year rule, while sources are limited in coverage and sectorization.

 
Annual (Quarterly encouraged) A & Q 6 months 3 months. 
External Debt and Debt Service
Public and publicly guaranteed external debt, broken down by maturity Outstanding external debt and the debt service schedule of the central government do not include data for the external debt of nonfinancial public enterprises or of publicly guaranteed debt.  Data are recorded in U.S. dollars. External debt service is recorded at the exchange rate applicable at the time of each operation. Quarterly Monthly: for internal use only 1-2 quarters Not applicable 
International Reserves
Gross official reserves denominated in U.S. dollars Same coverage as recommended.  Monthly D, W, M, Q, A 1-4 weeks 

D, W,M, Q, A: one week

 

 
Merchandise Trade
Total exports and total imports Foreign trade statistics are prepared on the basis of customs import and export forms and declarations, which are submitted at Guatemala’s various customs offices. Monthly Monthly 8 weeks-3 months 45 days 
Exchange Rates
Spot rates The quetzal-dollar exchange rate reflects the weighted average of foreign exchange buying and selling operations on the institutional foreign exchange market.  Daily D, W, M, A. Dissemination as part of a high-frequency (e.g. monthly) publication 2 days 

Socio-demographic Data Top
Coverage

Periodicity

Timeliness

GDDS

Current Practice

GDDS

Current Practice

GDDS

Current Practice

Data Categories and Indicators
Population
Population size and composition. Births, deaths, and migration. These indicators are derived from the census data and some are compiled using population projections and administrative data on vital statistics (births, deaths, stillbirths, marriages, and divorces). Annual (Census every 10 years) The population census is conducted every 10 years; vital statistics are compiled on a monthly basis but disseminated annually. 3-6 months for annual updates; 9-12 months for Census Vital statistics are published every year, and the results of the population censuses are published after a prudential lag, which is required to collect the datasheets nationally, analyze them, ensure the consistency of the data and key them in. This process usually takes about 8 months. 
Disaggregated population data. Demographic indicators. Not available Annual (Census every 10 years) Not applicable 3-6 months for annual updates; 9-12 months for Census Not applicable 
Poverty
Income/consumption poverty measures. Access to services. Relevant education and health measures. 

The poverty line method was chosen to compile the poverty indicators. It uses per capita consumption for each household as a measure of wellbeing and compares it to the per  capita value of a basket of goods and foodstuffs that enables an individual to meet his/her basic needs.[1]

There are two poverty lines: general and extreme. The first one considers the cost of purchasing a basket of food and nonfood items that enables individuals to achieve a minimum level of consumption and wellbeing; and the second considers the cost of a basket that includes only the minimum food items necessary for subsistence, specifically to provide the minimum of 2,172 kilocalories per day, per person.

For Guatemala, the general poverty line is Q 4,318.00 per person, per year, while the extreme poverty line is Q 1,911.00 per person, per year.[2]

This methodology was prepared by Hentschel and Lanjouw (1998) and consists of combining information provided by the population censuses and living condition surveys.

The household surveys provide information on household consumption and its characteristics, but their results have the disadvantage of being valid only at certain levels of inference.

In Guatemala, the 2000 National Living Conditions Survey (ENVOCI) only allows inferences regarding urban and rural communities for each administrative region of the country.

The census has information on the country’s total population, but does not have data on household consumption, which is necessary for calculating this measure of wellbeing.

Stages of poverty indicator compilation
1.         Find common variables
2.         Prepare independent models
3.         Create and evaluate variables
4.         First stage regression
5.         Incorporate average variables
6.         Limitations and assumptions
7.         Assessment of assumptions of the multivariate regression
8.         Fixed assets test
9.         Heteroskedasticity test
10.       Second stage regression
11.       Poverty distribution measures

The geographic coverage of the data is national, regional, departmental, and municipal.


[1] Aggregate consumption and poverty lines were not calculated in this study. A description of this study can be found in the publication Perfil de la pobreza en Guatemala,  prepared by INE/SEGEPLAN/URL in May 2002.

[2] The values of the poverty lines are expressed in 2000 quetzales.

 
3 to 5 years Every five years. 6-12 months following survey The data are updated after the ENCOVI or a new population census. 
Income/consumption by households or per capita. Data disaggregated by area. Not available 3 to 5 years Not applicable 6-12 months following survey Not applicable 

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